Kristi Anne Stølen

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2023). Soybeans and Capitalist Transformation among Family Farmers in Argentina. Iberoamericana – Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. ISSN 0046-8444. 52(1), s. 114–128. doi: 10.16993/iberoamericana.576. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This article aims to explore the expansion of capitalism among Argentine farmers in a historical perspective in the light of view of the recent soy boom. First it draws attention to the soy boom, focusing on the political-economic processes at national and international level that brought Argentina to its position as a GM soy superpower. Then, the focus moves to a farmer community in Northern Santa Fe province where the author has carried out longitudinal fieldwork, starting in the 1970s. She argues that the current transformation of the community, associated with the soy boom, is the culmination of a long process of capitalist development characterised by a gradual intensification of commodity relations. The article discusses how conjunctural shifts and changing agrarian policies have historically shaped farmers’ aspirations and practices with regard to the meaning of household and family, labour, land rights and land use. Until the soy boom, their aspirations and practices were compatible with the reproduction of the family farm, albeit modifying this to adjust to new circumstances. The changes associated with the soy boom have led most farmers to abandon farming and rural life, while only a few have been able to make the passage to agribusiness. The article ends by exploring the reasons why.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2021). From Pastures To Feedlots, From Beef To Soybeans: Changing Meat Cultures In Argentina. I Hansen, Arve & Syse, Karen Lykke (Red.), Changing Meat Cultures: Food Practices, Global Capitalism, and the Consumption of Animals. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISSN 9781538142653. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2015). Agricultural change in Argentina: Impacts of the Gene Modified Soybean Revolution. I Hansen, Arve & Wethal, Ulrikke Bryn (Red.), Emerging Economies and Challenges to Sustainability: Theories, strategies, local realities. Routledge. ISSN 9780415747325. s. 149–161. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesheim, Ingrid & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2012). The influence of local institutions for sustainable xate harvest in a returnee community in the Maya Biosphere Reserve in Petén Guatemala. Journal of Sustainable Development. ISSN 1913-9063. 5(3), s. 46–58. doi: 10.5539/jsd.v5n3p46. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2012). The Empowerment of Exile: Gender Relations among Guatemalan Returnees. I Nielsen, Kenneth Bo & Bjørkdahl, Kristian (Red.), Development and Environment: Practices, Theories, Policies. Akademisk Forlag. ISSN 9788232100330. s. 209–223. doi: 10.18352/erlacs.9675. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesheim, Ingrid & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2012). The Impact of Migration on Knowledge and Use of Natural Resources. I Nielsen, Kenneth Bo & Bjørkdahl, Kristian (Red.), Development and Environment: Practices, Theories, Policies. Akademisk Forlag. ISSN 9788232100330. s. 275–292. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aguilar-Støen, Mariel; Angelsen, Arild; Stølen, Kristi Anne & Moe, Stein Ragnar (2011). The Emergence, Persistence, and Current Challenges of Coffee Forest Gardens: A Case Study From Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca, Mexico. Society & Natural Resources. ISSN 0894-1920. 24(12), s. 1235–1251. doi: 10.1080/08941920.2010.540309. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In many parts of Latin America coffee is produced in forest garden systems, which fulfill a variety of household needs, enhance food security, and conserve biodiversity. We investigate drivers in the emergence, persistence, and decline of coffee forest gardens, using a case study in southern Mexico and combining historical, socioeconomic, and institutional analysis. Social, cultural, and political benefits linked to forest gardens are important drivers of change. The analysis supports the hypothesis that forest gardens emerge in places where they complement broader land use systems, land tenure is relatively secure, and the local economy is a combination of cash- and subsistence-based activities. The article further illustrates how the international coffee agreement and social-welfare programs supported the emergence of forest gardens. Low coffee prices, changes in land tenure, and reduced availability of labor could result in the eventual abandonment of coffee forest gardens.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne; Lichtenstein, Gabriella & d'Arc, Nadine Renaudeau (2009). Local Participation in Vicuña Management. I Gordon, Iain J. (Red.), The vicuña: The theory and practice of community based wildlife management. Springer. ISSN 9780387094755. s. 81–96. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Vicuña use by Andean communities is an interesting case that illustrates many features of international conservation policy and community management. The rationale for vicuña use is that as well as achieving international conservation objectives, it can enhance the economic well-being of poor people in the Andean highlands and contribute to compensate the cost of conservation. In this study, vicuña management in Bolivia and Argentina provide two pertinent scenarios to assess the potential impact in achieving the twin objectives of conservation and local development set up in policies. Vicuñas, Vicugna vicugna are wild South American camelids that live in high Andean region called Puna and Altiplano of Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Perú. Their fleece has one of the finest fibres in the world, with current market prizes of about $USD 500 per kg. They have long been hunted to obtain the fibre, resulting in near extinction by the 1960s. Strict conservation regulations, through the Vicuña Convention and the ratification of the Convention on International Trade on Endangered Species of Plants and Animals (CITES) successfully helped in halting a decline to near-extinction, and rebuilding populations. The global programme of conservation was so successful that it resulted in a progressive shift in international policy from strict preservation (Appendix I of CITES) to sustainable use (Appendix II of CITES) allowing trade in fibre obtained from live-shorn target populations. Each Andean country has developed a different plan for vicuña management. Two extreme cases are the systems developed in Bolivia and Argentina. Bolivia supports only community-based management of wild vicuña. Animals are captured, shorn and released again into the wild with the participation of local communities. Infrastructure and technical assistance is provided by the State. On the other hand, Argentina promotes private management of vicuña in captivity in corrals by only a few local producers. Most of the investment is done by the local producers, who get technical assistance from a State run agricultural organization (INTA). Our results suggest that until now, neither of the two systems has achieved the conservation nor local development goals. Local peoples´ negative attitude towards vicuñas has not been changed because of being involved in the projects. The immediate reasons for this are because management in captivity in Argentina does not provide an incentive towards conservation of vicuñas outside corrals, and the economic benefits, if any, are negligible. The lack of commercialisation of vicuña fibre in Bolivia does not provide incentives for conservation for local people either. Beyond these factors, privatisation in Argentina does not seem to have the capacity or scope to either conserve wild vicuña populations outside corrals, or to enhance local poor people’s livelihoods. Instead, community management in Bolivia has the scope or potential to meet both objectives. However, past experiences from community management of vicuña in Peru suggest that the distribution of benefits among the communities will be a key factor in determining the success of the Bolivian experience.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2009). Place and identity among Guatemalan returnees. Forum for Development Studies. ISSN 0803-9410. 36(1), s. 79–103. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The idea of a natural link between people and places has been dominant in the politics of refugee repatriation. Repatriation is conceived as the natural and logical solution to refugee displacement, a restoration of order in the relationship between people, culture and place. The case of the Guatemalan returnees discussed in this article reveals that such notions have little to do with what return means to them. Not only have they changed during exile, but so have also the communities and the people they left behind. A return to the places they came from was unattractive to most of them. The notion of home, for most, is not associated with their place of origin, but with the opportunities for change and improvement. The article explores the process of identity formation as related to historical processes of social change. Migration, exile and the return to Guatemala have brought these Guatemalan peasants into contact with a variety of new people and places, inspiring new perceptions and classifications of themselves and others as well as new forms of group formation. We will see that most of the new arenas are no longer constituted on the basis of ethnicity and, even though ethnicity is still important, its meaning has changed.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Evaluering av norsk utviklingsforskning. Hva mener miljøene. Forskningspolitikk. ISSN 0333-0273. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesheim, Ingrid; Dhillion, Shivcharn S. & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2006). What happens to traditional knowledge and use of natural resources when people migrate? Human Ecology. ISSN 0300-7839. 34(1), s. 99–131. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2005). Contradictory Notions of the State: Returned Refugees in Guatemala. I Krohn-Hansen, Christian (Red.), State Formation Anthropological Perspectives. Pluto Press. ISSN 9780745324418. s. 142–167. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). The Reconstruction of Community and Identity among Guatemalan Returnees. European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. ISSN 0924-0608. 77, s. 3–24. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Based on anthropological fieldwork in El Petén, Guatemala, this article focuses on the (re)creation of community and identity among returned refugees. With a past characterised by armed conflict and violence, flight and life in exile, return and resettlement, the returnees are in the process of building a new multi-ethnic community based on their common experiences as well as on new forms of co-operative organisation aiming at solidarity and equality considered necessary to prevent the recurrence of the injustices of the past. The paper discusses how their encounters in exile with other people from a variety of ethnic groups and with the international aid and solidarity organizations influenced them in the development of a new community that is different from the ones the returnees had left in Guatemala. It also explores the processes whereby social identities are shaped and reformulated, and how they are linked with struggles over power on the one hand and with livelihood practices on the other.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne; Shanmugaratnam, N. & Lund, Ragnhild (2003). Introduction: Conflict, Migration and Change, In The Maze of Displacement. Conflict, Migration and Change. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. ISSN 9788276345407. s. 8–23. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Constructing the Future: Experiences of Guatemalan Returnees, In The Maze of Displacement. Conflict, Migration and Change. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. ISSN 9788276345407. s. 127–153. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shanmugaratnam, N.; Lund, Ragnhild & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Introduction : conflict, migration and change, In the maze of displacement : conflict, migration and change. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. s. 8–23. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). Research on Latin America in Norway. European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. ISSN 0924-0608. 72, s. 161–179. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The paper first draws attention to debates about the status and organisation of research on Latin America in Norway, a debate coloured by conflicting interests among researchers and an unwillinginess to prioritise this kind of research by Norwegian institutions and authorities. Then follows a presentation of research and publications that have contributed to the development of Latin American Studies in Norway and internationally and, finally, a selection of ongoing research.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Experiencias de retornados guatemaltecos en Petén. I Petrich, Perla (Red.), Migrations: Guatemala, Mexique. Cahiers Alhim. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Tilbake til fremtiden: Returnerte flyktninger i Petén, Guatemala - demokratisering og kulturelt mangfold. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788290851052. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Ved å samle ti artikler om Guatemala av like mange norske forskere, forsøker boka å vise spennvidden i norsk forskning om emnet for et norsk publikum. Emnene spenner fra Norges rolle i fredsprosessen via tospråklig utdanning, "nerver" hos kvinner som blir hjemme når mannen arbeidsvandrer til USA og tilbakevendte flyktningers "nybyggerkolonier". Redaktørene har forsynt samlingen med et forord som gir en kort historisk introduksjon til Guatemala for norske lesere.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Tilbake til fremtiden: Returnerte flyktninger i Petén, Guatemala, Guatemala - demokratisering og kulturelt mangfold. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788290851052. s. 221–236. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Ved å samle ti artikler om Guatemala av like mange norske forskere, forsøker boka å vise spennvidden i norsk forskning om emnet for et norsk publikum. Emnene spenner fra Norges rolle i fredsprosessen via tospråklig utdanning, "nerver" hos kvinner som blir hjemme når mannen arbeidsvandrer til USA og tilbakevendte flyktningers "nybyggerkolonier". Redaktørene har forsynt samlingen med et forord som gir en kort historisk introduksjon til Guatemala for norske lesere.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Når målet helliger midlet: Om vold mot sivile i Guatemala. Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0802-7285. s. 240–252. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Creating a Better Life: Participatory Communitarian Development among Guatemalan Returnees. SUM Working paper. ISSN 0804-7391. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Om kjønn og makt blant returnerte flyktninger i Guatemala, Maktens kanaler. Solidaritet Forlag, Oslo. ISSN 9788291916026. s. 77–83. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). No hay mal que por bien no venga: Experiencias de retornados guatemaltecos en Petén, Guatemala. Cahiers GRALHIM. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Når målet helliger midlet: Om vold mot sivile i Guatemala. Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0802-7285. 11(4). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Basert på feltarbeid blant returnerte flyktninger i Petén, Guatemala, rettes søkelyset mot et særtrekk ved krigføring i vår tid; vold mot og drap av sivilbefolkning. Bare en tiendedel av krigsofrene i de senere års kriger har vært soldater. Blant de returnerte flyktningene i Guatemala finnes både utøvere, ofre og vitner til vold. Forfatteren lar de ulike stemmene komme til orde, samtidig som hun belyser de historiske og politiske omstendighetene som førte til at nettopp uskyldige sivile ble rammet. Hun viser også at flyktningene tillegger geriljaen en større del av ansvaret for volden enn det Sannhetskommisjonens tall skulle tilsi.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Freden starter i hjemmet: Om kjønn og makt blant returnerte flyktninger i Guatemala, Maktens kanaler. Solidaritet Forlag, Oslo. ISSN 9788291916026. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1998). Honour and Shame in The New World: Gender Relations among Argentine Farmers. Bulletin for Biblical Research. ISSN 1065-223X. 7(2), s. 59–86. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1998). Honour and Shame in the New World: Gender Relations among Argentine Farmers. Bulletin for Biblical Research. ISSN 1065-223X. 7(2), s. 59–86. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1998). Research on Displacement. I James, Wendy (Red.), Rights have no borders: Worldwide Internal Displacement. Norwegian Refugee Council. ISSN 9788274110649. s. 115–122. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1997). From 'Partriarchy' to 'Commonwealth': Changing Family and Household Relations among Argentine Farmers. I Cicerchia, R. (Red.), Family Forms, Historical Processes and Social Change in Latin America. Ediciones Abya-Yala, Quito. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1997). Hvor ble det av kjønnsdimensjonen i bistanden? Kvinneforskning. ISSN 0806-6256. 4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). The gentle exercise of male power in rural Argentina. Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power. ISSN 1070-289X. 2(4), s. 385–406. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  utvikling

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). The Power of Gender Discourses in a multi-ethnic community in rural Argentina. I Melhuus, Marit & Stølen, K.A. (Red.), Machos,Mistresses, Madonnas. Contesting the Power of Latin American Gender Imagery. Verson, London. s. 159–183. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Utvikling SUM Reprint Nr. 7/97

• Melhuus, Marit & Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Introduction. I Melhuus, Marit & Stølen, K.A. (Red.), Machos,Mistresses, Madonnas. Contesting the Power of Latin American Gender Imagery. Verson, London. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Hvor ble det av kjønnsdimensjonen i bistanden? Kvinneforskning. ISSN 0806-6256. s. 20–26. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne & Archetti, Lavaisse Eduardo P (1996). Latin-Amerika. I Howell, Signe Lise & Melhuus, Marit (Red.), Fjern og Nær: Sosialantropologiske perspektiver på verdens samfunn og kulturer. Gyldendal Akademisk. s. 249–276. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne & Archetti, Lavaisse Eduardo P (1994). Latin America, Fjern og Nær. Sosialantropologiske perspektiver på verdens samfunn og kulturer. Gyldendal Akademisk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  utvikling

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1994). Gender, Culture and Social Change in Latin-America: A Nordic Perspective. Iberoamericana – Nordic Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. ISSN 0046-8444. XXIV(1), s. 87–110. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  utvikling

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2008). Machos, putas, santas. Antropofagia. ISBN 9789871238354. 256 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Guatemalans in the Aftermath of Violence. The Refugees' Return. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 9780812240085. 236 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). La decencia de la desigualdad: Género y poder en el campo argentino. Editorial Antropofagia. ISBN 9789872138714. 249 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne; Shanmugaratnam, N. & Lund, Ragnhild (2003). In The Maze of Displacement. Conflict, Migration and Change. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. ISBN 9788276345407. 229 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shanmugaratnam, N.; Lund, Ragnhild & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). In the maze of displacement : conflict, migration and change. Cappelen Damm Høyskoleforlaget. ISBN 9788276345407. 229 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). The Decency of Inequality: Gender, Power and Social Change on the Argentine Prairie. -1 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2019). Una compañera por distintos mundos. Revista del Museo Antropológico. ISSN 1852-060X. 12(3), s. 97–98. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2019). Colono Algodonero,Santa Fe, Argentina Siglo XIX-XX. I Salomon, Alejandra & Muzlera,, José (Red.), Diccionario del agro iberamericano. Teseo Press. ISSN 9789878629674. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2018). Responding to economic opportunities: Changes in land tenure and use among Argentine farmers. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Land distribution, tenure and use are subjects of growing interest in Argentina given the prominence land issues have acquired in recent decades due to the soy boom. Concentration of land by certain business concerns, investment in land by urban investors, the displacement of small producers in some rural areas and new models of management dominated by leasing have changed the rural landscape. This paper, based on a longitudinal anthropological study initiated in 1973, focuses on changes in land tenure and use among farmers in the northern part of Santa Fe province. It explores individual and collective strategies adopted by the farmers historically to reproduce their farms, their homes and “the farmer way of life” within an increasingly capitalist environment. The expansion of transgenic soybeans, initiated in 1996, embraced by the farmers, produced radical changes in the farmer communities, not only in terms of property rights, land tenure and use, but also in terms of mentality. I explore the socio-economic transformation that have occurred, whereby most farmers have given up farming and migrated to the pueblo, renting out their land to the few who have managed to stay in business. The land is producing more than ever, but the vigorous rural communities that I studied in the 1970 and 1980 are vanishing.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2018). The Soy Boom in Argentina: A Blessing or a Curse? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Over the last twenty years Argentina has been through a transformation of the agrarian sector, generated by export driven growth, to a large extent based on the new biotechnology associated with gene modified (GM) soy production. This export driven growth strategy was expected to help the Argentine government to reduce poverty and inequality through revenues from export tax on agricultural products, especially soy and its derivatives. The expansion of GM soy was also expected to have positive environmental effects because of savings from reduced pesticide use and reduced soil erosion due to less intensive tilling. In terms of economic growth the Argentina’s transition to GM soy has been a success. However, there seem to be an increasing conflict between the economic success and socio-ecological sustainability. The impact of the expansion of soy production varies throughout the country according to the agrarian structure and social conditions before the “GMO revolution”. In the pampas, previously dominated by large cattle and grain farms, there has been a change in land use, without major changes in the structure of land ownership. In poor peasant areas, previously unattractive for modern agricultural production until the introduction of GM crops, changes in land tenure and ownership have been dramatic leading to displacement of peasants and increased rural exodus. In this paper, based on long-standing anthropological fieldwork in Santa Fe province, I will analyse the impact of the expansion of soy in farmer areas previously characterised by mechanised family farms and vigorous rural communities. The impact of the GMO revolution is less far-reaching in the this area compared to other parts of the country, where production no longer is controlled by farmers, but by large commercial companies with limited interest in environment and sustainability. Although there has been a gradual increase in soy cultivation locally, soy has not eradicated other crops and/or livestock as in many other parts of Argentina. Nevertheless, the soy boom has resulted in major economic and social changes in the countryside. The land is producing more than ever, but the vigorous rural communities that I studied in the 1970 and 1980 are dying.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2016). Gender and Agricultural Change in Argentina: The Impact of Gene Modified Soybean Revolution. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2016). The impacts of global agro-industrial production on farmers in Argentina. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2015). The Impact of GMOs on Argentine Farmers. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2015). Methodological and practical challenges of doing ethnographic research in Latin America. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2015). Hacia la Igualdad de género: Experiencias de Noruega. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2015). Eva Peron: An extraordinary woman. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2014). Doing fieldwork in Latin America. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2013). Genmodifisert soya: Tømmer landsbygda i Argentina for folk. [Journal]. Apollon. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2013). From Family Farms to Agribusiness: Impact of the Gene Modified Soybean Revolution in Argentina. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2009). Somos revueltos: comunidad y identidad entre retornados guatemaltecos. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2009). Is Gender Inequality Still a Question of Decency? Revisiting Gender, Power and Social Change in the Argentine Prairie. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Dagsnytt 18. [Radio]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). URIX. [TV]. NRK. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). In the Aftermath of Violence: Resilience and Reconstruction among Guatemalan Returnees. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Nødhjelp og politikk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne & Bull, Benedicte (2007). Latin-Amerika og kunnskapens geopolitikk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Kjønn i Latin-Amerika. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2007). Home in Migration: Place and Identity among Guatemalan Returnees. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2005). "Changing identities among GuatemalanReturnees". Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2005). Preparando investigación en Petén, Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2005). Trabajo de campo en Argentina y Guatemala: Diferencias y similtudes. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). Place and Identity among Guatemalan Returnees. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This paper is based on fieldwork among returned refugees who are in the process of constructing a new multiethnic community in Northern Guatemala. It is argued that the shared experience of violence has been constitutive in building community in exile as well as after return. The creation of community is based on a �negative tradition� by actively keeping memories of violence and suffering alive to elaborate the process of mourning to attain some form of release and to prevent violence to overpower them again. The Guatemalan returnees have, however, brought the negative tradition beyond the personal sphere into the public through political action. We will see that the returnee community is carefully planned to prevent the problems of the past, including to withstand government incursion into the physical well-being of its members.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). Poverty, Inequality and Elites in Latin America. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). Inequality in Latin America in a Nordic perspective. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2004). Maya Resurgence in Guatemala Experiencias Q'eqchi'es. European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. ISSN 0924-0608. s. 116–118. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Cambio y Continuidad entre los colonos del norte de Santa Fe, Argentina. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). The Building of Community and Identity among Guatemalan Returnees. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Conflicto armado en Guatemala: perspectivas de refugiados. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Conflicto armado, exilio y reconstrucción social en Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). From Victims of War to agents of Change. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). Exile as a transforming experience: Gender relations among Guatemalan refugees. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Based on fieldwork among Guatemalan returnees in Petén, the paper focuses on the experience of organisation among Guatemalan refugees in exile in Mexico, highlighting the gendered nature of this process. To what extent was a new imagined community, involving changing social relations of gender built in exile, and what happened when the refugees returned to Guatemala?

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). Kjønn og jordrettigheter blant flyktninger i Petén, Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). Cambio político y sociedad civil en la post guerra de Guatemala y Centro-America. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). Forging Indian Identity: Guatemala's Violent Transition to Modernity. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The paper discusses the increasing tensions in Guatemal between the popular movement, comprising both Indian and non-Indians focusing on exclusion based on poverty and social inequality, and the Maya movement,exclusively Indian, focusing on discrimination and exclusion based ethnicity. First, it draws attention to the historical antecedents of this division, then discusses differences in orientation and stategies. It shows that both movements make political claims in the language of universal rights, though drawing on different legal instruments and both depend on international financial support for their activities. Finally the author draws on her ethnographic material froma multiethnic community in Petén to illustrate how Guatemalan peasants who are returned refugees and associated with the popular movement, conceive of themselves and the Maya movement.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2002). From victims of war to agents of change: Returnees in Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Based on fieldwork in a returnee community in Guatemala, this paper challenges the increasingly widespread view among anthropologists that humanitarian agencies represent people in armed conflicts as helpless victims, devoid of any history or agency, and consequently create aid dependants. The experiences of Guatemalan refugees in Mexico give a more complex picture. The fact they are referred to, and also refer to themselves as ¿uprooted¿ and ¿victims of war¿, does not mean that they act as passive recipients of aid. Different from their sedentary neighbours who became muted and pacified under military control, the returnees see themselves and act as privileged agents of economic and social change and democracy, something they associate with their experience of exile and particularly with the interaction with Mexican and international humanitarian agencies. The paper discusses how their interaction with members of aid institutions has contributed to changes in ideas and practices among different groups of returnees and the impact of these changes for the construction of a new multi-ethnic community in Guatemala.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Forced Migration and Social Reconstruction in Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Back to the Future: Reconstruction of Livelihoods and Identities among Returnees in Guatemala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2001). Bistand og konflikt - paneldebatt. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Guatemala: Den vanskelige freden. 3. verden magasinet X. ISSN 0803-723X. 9(5). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Etter seks år med vanskelige forhandlinger ble en endelige fredsavtale mellom den guatemalanske regjering og URNG undertegnet i Desember 1996. Denne avtalen markerte slutten på 36 års borgerkrig i Guatemala og initierte en overgangsperiode fra væpnet konflikt til rehabilitering og utvikling. Avtalen dannet også et rammeverk for behandlingen av flytninger og internt fordrevne. Denne artikkelen setter fokus på situasjonen til returnerte flyktninger som etter mer enn ti års landforvisning i Mexico nå er i gang med å skape seg en ny fremtid i hjemlandet.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1998). Más alla del silencio. Las fronteras de genero en los Andes. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. ISSN 1359-0987. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Gender Models in Western Developemnt Assistance. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Co-organizer and convenor of workshop on: "Religion, Gender and Society: Exploring Power Discourses and conflicting Interest". Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). A global Perspective on Women's Empowerment. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Utvikling

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Kvinneundertrykking og naturødeleggelse. Kvinneforskning. ISSN 0806-6256. s. 92–94-. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1996). Kvinneundertrykking og naturødeleggelse. Kvinneforskning. ISSN 0806-6256. 2/96. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1993). "Det voldelige kjønnet". Norsk antropologisk tidsskrift. ISSN 0802-7285. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bull, Benedicte; Borchgrevink, Axel; Øi, Vibeke & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2008). Norway's Strategic Interests in Central America. Senter for Utvikling og Miljø, Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 9788290391633. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesse, Sølvi; Stølen, Kristi Anne; Bleiklie, Ivar & Dyrhaug, Sissel (2007). Utredning av modeller for etablering av permanent kunnskapsmiljø på Latin-Amerika i Norge. Agenda. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesheim, Ingrid; Dhillion, Shivcharn S. & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Traditional Knowledge of plant resources in a resettlement community, La Quetzal, Petén, Guatamala. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nesheim, Ingrid; Dhillion, Shivcharn & Stølen, Kristi Anne (2003). Traditional knowledge of plant resources in a resettlement community, la Quetzal, Petén, Guatemala. Senter for Utvikling og miljø. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  ABSTRACT The study investigates traditional knowledge of forest plant resources in a resettlement community in the Lacandon neotropical rainforest of the Maya Biosphere Reserve in Guatemala. The relevance of vascular plant diversity regarding consumption and other daily needs of the population are explored. Relatively few species are presently being used, with the exception of timber species where knowledge seems to be increasing. Traditional knowledge has been maintained in certain cases such as for curing illnesses that are not recognized by western medicine. Nature as such is regarded as important primarily as potential capital not for its subsistence capital. We find that the refugee situation has led to processes of both deskilling and reskilling into a more global type of knowledge. Still there continues to be a dynamic local, intuitive knowledge arising directly from practical experiences, which is important as safety net for people living in or close to the forest. Two interlinked factors have been the driving forces altering the knowledge of and use of natural resources by the people in La Quetzal : change in the natural environment and change in the of social and economic environment.

• Stølen, Kristi Anne (2000). Creating a Better Life: Participatory Communitarian Development among Guatemalan Refugees. Senter for Utvikling og miljø. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stølen, Kristi Anne (1994). Gender, Culture and Social Change in Latin-America: A Nordic Perspective. Senter for Utvikling og Miljø(SUM), Universitetet i Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Utvikling

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